India may have missed the pure science bus of the early 20th century, but is emerging as a key player in the newer sciences. Among such sciences, biotechnology holds a unique position. Biotechnology, dubbed the latest sunrise sector, is the application of biology in medicine and agriculture based on the knowledge of the genetic code.
As with information technology, certain inherent strengths are driving the rapid growth of the industry in India. Such enabling factors include skilled human resources, excellent infrastructure, active government support and increased investment. In short, the country is on the threshold of a biotechnology revolution.

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Were you ever perplexed or intimidated when you encountered these long winding set of words, which have as their acronym -'L & SCM'?
If you were, you shouldn't worry over it. Just relax and read on. This serpentine phrase is in fact, a relatively new and developing area of employment that can throw up many job opportunities for the young, educated Indian. Till some years ago, Logistics & Supply Chain Management (L& SCM) had a limited scope. It was a career that had evolved through the activity of warehousing, transportation and movement of goods and resources by individuals or separate bodies or truckers. The shift from the unorganised sector activity to an organised and consolidated one came to be identified as L&SCM. This sector will in the near future, be growing into a major industry in our country.

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What the Indian retail sector is witnessing is nothing short of a revolution. The kirana stores, which were a part of the daily lives of many Indians, are giving way to shopping complexes, malls and hypermarkets. According to a conservative estimate, 150 shopping malls will be built within the next two years. Despite all this expansion, industry experts reckon that the domestic retail industry even now remains largely unorganised. This translates into more job opportunity as the industry becomes more organised.

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In the financial system, the banking sector occupies a unique position. Banks are the key factor in promoting the nations economy and play a vital role in the growth of the country.

Banking in India
The Banking sector in India is an ever-growing active institution. Dynamic and progressive liberalisation and economic reforms have transformed banks in India and have enabled them to move away from stereotypes like borrowing and lending and led them to look at new opportunities and ideas.
The Reserve Bank of India, which is the monetary authority of the country, performs the role of central banking. It heads all the banks in India. The banking system in India is classified into scheduled commercial banks, non-scheduled commercial banks, co­operative banks and development banks. They are also divided into private sector banks, public sector banks and foreign banks.

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If you have been following the news, which you should if you are serious about clearing the various management entrance tests, then you must have seen photographs of Ratan Tata, chairman of Tata Sons and B Muthuraman, managing director, Tata Steel, all pleased after India's largest steel company successfully acquired the UK-based steel maker, Corus. Have you ever thought how it was possible for Tata and his team to flash yet another V-sign? Have you wondered who must have burned the midnight oil to clinch this landmark deal? Among the many people who worked tirelessly behind-the-scenes, there is a crop of financial specialists known as investment bankers.

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Micro financing has come of age today with its pioneer Bangladesh's Muhammad Yunus of the Grameen Bank fame receiving the Nobel Peace Prize. Multilateral lender, the Manila-based Asian Development Bank (ADB), defines it as the provision of a broad range of financial services such as deposits, loans, payment services, money transfers, and insurance to poor and low-income households and their micro-enterprises.

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Most people who were working during the 1999-2001 era would recall it with a degree of cynicism and some would recall it with a degree of bitterness. Those two years led to every Tom, Dick and Harry starting businesses, all of whom were centered around the Internet technology, which was newly emerging then. And then the bust happened. Many of the dotcom start-ups shut shop, as they had been started not with a solid idea or a base, but more with the idea of being with the fad. For the serious technology entrepreneurs, the dotcom bust was the best thing that happened. It de-cluttered the segment and laid the ground for the emergence of a more resilient bunch of entrepreneurs. In the years that followed, many interesting business models have emerged around opportunities that had either taken a back seat or had not been explored at all due to the Internet hype.

Let us look at three such companies, which started, faded and re-emerged as winners.

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